Personal Subject Pronouns in Spanish

Spanish pronouns are usually used much like their English counterparts. The biggest difference is that subject pronouns (ones used to tell who or what is performing the action of the main verb in a sentence) can be omitted where theyre required in English. In other words, subject pronouns in Spanish are used primarily for clarity or emphasis. The 12 Personal Subject Pronouns of Spanish yo — Ità º — you (singular familiar)usted — you (singular formal)à ©l, ella — he, shenosotros, nosotras — wevosotros, vosotras — you (plural familiar)ustedes — you (plural formal)ellos, ellas — they These are called personal subject pronouns to distinguish them from the demonstrative pronouns, the equivalent of words such as this and those. There is also a subject pronoun ello, which can be the rough equivalent of it, but it is rarely used. Note that even though à ©l, ella, ellos, and ellas usually refer to people or animals, they can on occasion refer to inanimate objects, with the pronoun matching the grammatical gender of the object or objects being referred to. Vosotros and vosotras are seldom used in most of Latin America, where ustedes can be used even when talking with close friends or children. How To Use or Omit Subject Pronouns Because verb conjugation often suggests who or what the subject of a sentence is, one can properly leave out the subject pronoun or put it at various places in the sentence. Voy a la escuela, yo voy a la escuela, voy yo a la escuela, and voy a la escuela yo are all grammatically correct ways of saying I am going to the school (although the final option would be highly uncommon except if said for poetic effect). But the placement of the pronoun can make a difference in how the sentence is understood. To see how these pronouns are used, examine the sentences below. Subject pronouns, where used, are in boldface: Mi hermano es muy inteligente. Es doctor. (My brother is intelligent. He  is a doctor.) — No subject pronoun is needed in the second sentence, because the subject of the sentence is made clear by the context and the verb form.Mis mejores amigos se llaman Roberto, Ahmad y Suzanne. Son estudiantes. (My best friends are Roberto, Ahmad, and Suzanne. They are students.) — The pronoun is unnecessary in the second Spanish sentence and normally wouldnt be used becauses it is clear who is being referred to.Es fà ¡cil comprender el libro. (It is easy to understand the book.) — No pronoun is used to translate an impersonal use of it.Mi hermano y su esposa son inteligentes. Él es doctor, y ella es abogada. (My brother and his wife are intelligent. He is a doctor, and she is a lawyer.) — In this case, the subject pronouns à ©l and ella are used  for clarity.Tà º, ella y yo vamos al cine. (You, she,  and I are going to the movies.) — Note that in thi s construction the first-person plural form of the verb (the one that would be used with the equivalent of we) is used. Thus it is possible to use that verb form without using the pronoun nosotros.Hazlo. (Do it.) Hazlo tà º. (You do it.) — In a command such as this, the addition of the subject often has a similar effect to its use in English. Although grammatically not necessary, the addition of the subject serves to place additional emphasis on the subject.Ella canta bien. (She sings well.) Canta bien ella. She sings well. — The pronoun would be used in the first sentence if theres no context to clearly indicate who is being talked about. By placing ella at the end of the second sentence, the speaker is placing a strong emphasis on the pronoun. The emphasis in the second sentence is on the singer and not the singing. ¿Vas a salir? (Are you leaving?)  ¿Vas a salir tà º? (Are you leaving?) — The first sentence is a simple, uninflected question. But the seco nd one, by adding the subject at the end of sentence, is placing a strong emphasis on the person leaving. One possible translation might be Are even you leaving? Or one might render the English as Are you leaving? with a stress or emphasis on you.Nunca va ella al centro. (She never goes downtown.) Ya ha salido à ©l. (He has already left.) — It is common when certain adverbs start a sentence to immediately follow the adverb with the verb, followed by the subject. No special emphasis on the subject is intended. Adverbs often used this way include nunca, ya, bastante, and quizà ¡s.— Te amo, dijo à ©l. — Tambià ©n te amo, respondià ³ ella. (I love you, he said. I love you too, she responded.) — When reporting what people have said, it is common to use the subject pronoun after verbs such as decir (to say), preguntar (to ask), and responder (to reply). No special emphasis on the speaker is intended. (Note: The dashes in the Spanish sentences are a type of quotation mark.)

Comparative Essay Anthem and Animal Farm - 749 Words

The books Anthem by Ayn Rand and Animal Farm by George Orwell are both written about dystopias, or the most imperfect and dismal society. Both authors write about humans –or animals- failing to create a utopia or perfect society. Though both authors use different points of view, language style, and voice the same theme is expressed: a perfect society where everyone is equal cannot exist. In Anthem, the main character, Equality 7-2521, rebels against the futuristic government he lives in, like the animals rebel against their farmer in Animal Farm. Anthem ends at Equality’s escape from his city but, Animal Farm is about the new society created after the rebellion and how it starts out promising but eventually is driven into the ground by†¦show more content†¦His world is sad and bland, but no one knows it because they do not ever disobey or question the law. â€Å"It is a sin to write this. It is a sin to think words no others think and to put them down upon a paper no others are to see. It is base and evil. And we know well that there is no transgression blacker than to do or think alone.† (Rand 17) There are always flaws in a ‘perfect’ society. Therefore, it cannot exist. Both novels’ dystopias differ greatly from each other. For example in Animal Farm, there is a more depressing mood as you watch the society fail and turn against its original laws. In Anthem, however, there is a positive mood as one man runs from his death into land unknown to start his own fair and just society, knowing it may not be perfect. The pigs end up changing Animal Farm into an unfair communist society with them as its rulers. While, Anthem’s society everyone is created equal and although there are elders who set up the picking of jobs and food production they make sure everything is just and equal, unlike the pigs. The urge to rebel is definitely dominant in Anthem. â€Å"Through all the darkness, through all the shame of which men are capable, the spirit of man will remain alive on this earth. It may sleep, but it will awaken. It may wear chains, but it will break through. And man will go on. Man, notShow MoreRelatedRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesprimary data on the movement but to analyze and re-analyze the growing body of scholarly and popular literature on the movement, including sociological and anthropological studies, biographies, monographs, dissertations, published and unpublished essays, and periodical articles. Archival sources, such as newspaper reports, policy statements, pamphlets, and organization manuals have also provided useful information. Chapter 1 reviews and reï ¬ nes Webers theory of charisma and routinization, using

Bead Bar Consultant Activity Free Essays

The information technology aspect is a rapidly booming industry in the present influences almost all of the relevant activities in the social and economic fields. Because of this significant influence, most of the major social and economic industries rely much to the value of information and the effects of their exchange in the operations of each respective organization. However, because of the dependence of most economic and social transactions to the value of information, several risk issues are now being considered influential and significant to the information operations. We will write a custom essay sample on Bead Bar Consultant Activity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Included in this aspect are the security threats imposed by (1) poorly written software or improperly configured systems, (2) computer viruses and worms, (3) external breaches, and (4) internal breaches. The first issue posts some significant threat because poorly written or configured software are more vulnerable to breach attack and viruses. Aside from this, poorly made softwares are also likely to become unstable and unreliable for actual use because of the negative characteristics that are likely to have been overlooked in the use of the system. Computer viruses and worms on the other hand tend to alter the normal processes in the information system causing significant leaks or instability in the operations. External and internal breaches are both threats on the literal means as they manifest unauthorized access to the informations though they vary only from the nature of the source. 2. Develop a security awareness-training plan for employees and franchisees. Knowing the significant threats to information security is an important aspect in the development of a security awareness plan for each organization. In general, the plan must be able to address each of the known threats including anticipation, development of a defense, and the prevention of future occurrences. The security awareness plan must classify mainly into two approaches namely the information protection and the physical security plan. The first encompassed the protection of the information through firewalls and security system, the protection of the storage facilities, and the access of these informations. The physical security must encompassed the actual factors involve in the protection such as the people involved in the information and others. The security plan must mainly anticipate the threat through developing a protection against known breach and virus infection, scrutinize and identify the access, prevent any unauthorized connection, and report the possibilities of leaks and the cases of intrusion. Most importantly in the security plan is the constant update, regular development and the close monitoring of the protection system to ensure its effectiveness and reliability against the threats to the information system. 3. Which Internet-based data backup plans should be used? Part of the security plan, which the organization itself must consider critically, is the aspect of recovery and backup for any intrusion disaster to their information system. Included in this concern is the backup system of the information system and operation of the organization, which is significant for their recovery process. Some of the common approaches to address this need are establishing a security partner to act as a storage facility of the backup data of the organization. These security partners are commonly internet-based serving as the primary data backup plan of most organization for situation of critical intrusion, infection or breach. The development of the internet-based data backup plan must also be extensive as they are similarly critically to the security plan. Several issues and aspects must be satisfied in this data backup plan such as their protection in terms of alteration, tampering or intrusion, isolation, and the constant update of the backup solution. How to cite Bead Bar Consultant Activity, Papers